History of trade unions in zimbabwe pdf file

Right to form trade unions or employers organizations. Congress of south african trade unions cosatu south. Progressive teachers union of zimbabwe ptuz whitecollar unions. I hope it will make a significant contribution to the history of zimbabwe. Labour unions typically fund the formal organization. Zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu commercial workers union of zimbabwe. The study will trace the history of trade unions in zimbabwe from their formative age to. Requirements for formation of trade unions and employers organizations. A history of zimbabwe, 18902000 and postscript, zimbabwe. Industrial relations and industrial democracy in zimbabwe.

The decline in trade union density in the 21stcentury in zimbabwe. Workers struggles in zimbabwe one such case is that of zimbabwe, which forms the focus of this article. Mar 07, 20 resistance has certainly been evident within zimbabwe, and the labour movement, organised under the zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu, has been a conspicuous presence in these struggles, often acting in concert with a broad coalition of civil society actors. In 199798 tsvangirai successfully led a series of strikes against president mugabes taxation policy. Occupational unions represent a particular occupation or group. Institute of public administration and extension services, university of benin, p. Trade unions and sustainable democracy in africa download.

Industrial democracy in zimbabwe free essay example. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that. Whether temporary or permanent, primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between workers and employers or between workers for imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct of any trade or business and includes the federations of two. Trade union, also called labor union, an association of workers in a particular trade, industry, or company created for the purpose of securing improvements in pay, benefits, working conditions, or social and political status through collective bargaining. Increasing cooperation and wellbeing among workers ii. It combines in one volume the period from 1890 to 2000 including womens rights and human rights. This historical background is relevant because the zimbabwean government goz, beginning harare 00000275 002 of 007 in the mid1990s, adopted similar tactics for dealing with labor unions. These represent nonmanual occupations for example teaching, banking etc. State of gender balance in trade unions after noting that zimbabwe and trade unions have not been an exception to the trend of patriarchal practices and inequalities the congress resolved to. The genesis of trade unionism in zambia dates back to the time of the start of mining on the copperbelt after huge deposits of copper were discovered in the region in the 1920s leading to. Sections 25 and 74 of the zimbabwean labour act, chapter 28. Certainly, since colonization in 1890 and the inauguration of the capitalist enterprise, the country has never really enjoyed a free and sound or democratic industrial relations system. Below is a list of some of them and their categories. Zimbabwe congress of trade union zctu qinisani bhebe1 and mildred mahapa2 abstract the study sought to investigate the reasons why the popularity of the zimbabwe congress of trade unions amongst workers in zimbabwe has taken a plunge.

Trade policies the government of zimbabwe is continuously reforming its legal, regulatory, economic and diplomatic frameworks to create enabling business environment, improve the ease of doing business, generating opportunities for its entrepreneurs and enterprises on the domestic, regional and international fronts. Establishing contacts between the workers and the employers iv. Collecting bargaining agreements in zimbabwe according to the labour act is negotiated by registered or certified trade unions, employers and employers organisations or federations. In fact it appears the historical fact of the labour movement providing a social basis for opposition. As a result, trade union membership declined form almost 200 000 in 1999 to 143 as at october 2002. Zimbabwe has long been considered a country in crisis. Although the southern african trade union coordinating council satucc was formed 17 years ago, its history, struggles, achievements and challenges have not been well documented. In contrast, the british trade union type was characterised by the splitting into craft, industrial and general trade unions, inhouse trade unions and staff associations.

Zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu4 the zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu was founded in 1981 and formally consists of 31 affiliated trade unions. The southern african trade union coordinating council. Collective bargaining in a challenging economy the herald. Some are known as super unions which can be formed by a merger of various unions to overlook the welfare of all workers. Zimbabwe congress of trade unions labour organization.

Zimbabwe border in presentday south africa, and ingombe ilede, in presentday zambia. The trade union movements are major components of the modern industrial relation system. Quite rightly this policy document refers to the fact that collective bargaining was. Nov 20, 2017 the long history of zimbabwe, which prior to 1980 was an apartheid state known as rhodesia and before that a british colonial possession, has been little noted. Unregistered trade unions and employers organizations. The registrar publishes a notice in the gazette and within 30 days of publication, the union gets registered. Trade unions or labour unions definition the social historians sydney and beatrice webb defined a trade union as. Trade unions working for the progress of the employees v. Whether temporary or permanent, primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between workers and employers or between workers for imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct of any trade or business and includes the federations of two or more trade unions. Trade unions in africa are weak organisations with many internal problems. Objectives of trade union objectives of trade unions are. Secondly, as a way of undermining the zctu, government registered another federation, the zimbabwe federation of trade unions zftu as a rival centre. Trade union struggles for autonomy and democracy in zimbabwe. A history of the labour movement in zimbabwe, 19001997.

History has taught us that disorganised and divided workers cannot meaningfully improve their working conditions. In the remainder of this paper, i examine the background to, significance of, and limitations to, these current class struggles, and the role of the trade union. Pdf on apr 5, 20, paris yeros and others published the rise and fall of. The rise and fall of trade unionism in zimbabwe, part i.

Trade union is a 1 karl marx and fredric angel, manifesto of the communist party, in karl marx and fredric angels. The institutionalisation of collective bargaining in zimbabwe. Firstly, the trade union movement in zimbabwe is paralysed. The impressive stone ruins of great zimbabwe, located in southeastern zimbabwe, are testament to the power and technological achievements of these more complex societies. Zimbabwe zimbabwe congress of trade unions, zctu dans les anne. The democratic south africa boasts some of the most advanced labour legislation in the world allowing public service workers to enjoy trade union and collective bargaining rights for the first time in the countrys history. Trade unions can raise wages if they are allinclusive and if it is difficult for employers to import blacklegs. The zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu emerged from under the wing of the ruling party in the second half of the 1980s to become the epicentre of organised opposi tional politics in zimbabwe. Pdf what are the main challenges faced by trade unions. Since the 1990s ngos and other funders have plied funds into trade unions. Zimbabwe federation of trade unions archives zimbabwe. Some of the most important functions of the trade union are as follows.

Although their power to influence wages and working conditions and to defend workers has suffered enormously and tends to be quite weak nowadays, it would be wrong to writeoff african trade union. Examples of trade unions in zimbabwe include zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu which is the dominant. Precolonial history, demographic disaster and the university1 david beach department of history, university of zimbabwe abstract zimbabwe is on the brink of a major crisis. By imposing a high wage on the employers, a trade union pay prevent undue expansion of an industry when the only attraction. Pdf the rise and fall of trade unionism in zimbabwe. Pdf on apr 5, 20, paris yeros and others published the rise and fall of trade unionism in zimbabwe, part i. The existing trade union centre, the south african trades and labour council, had opposed racial discrimination and had admitted unions of african workers to its ranks. Witnesses say that a number of those arrested including an opposition mp have been assaulted and are in need of medical attention. Trade unions in zimbabwe role, functions of workers union. Other articles where zimbabwe congress of trade unions is discussed. Therefore, in looking at the history of trade unions, although our main interest will be in the unions themselves, we must always keep an eye on other related happenings which influence and are influenced by the combination of working people. Progressive teachers union zimbabwe ptuz, harare, zimbabwe. The trade union that had turned against the government was now seen as the enemy within as it had turned into a formidable opposition party that demanded change. Click download or read online button to get trade unions and sustainable democracy in africa book now.

Put a condition in a contract of employment preventing an employee joining a trade union. The university can play a crucial role in averting or at least rmodifying it. In a number of countries, trade unions played a decisive in the removal of autocratic regimes. Trade unions in zimbabwe 87 known examples, but important developments have taken place in a number of other settings. The zctu was formed on february 28, 1981 through the merger of six trade union centres. The paper will start with a brief historical overview that will show how postindependent labour. Trade unions in zimbabwe and their types free zimsec. There are also private and governmentsponsored commercial banks, a development finance bank, and several merchant banks and discount houses. Collective bargaining in zimbabwe collective bargaining. The guilds restricted membership to a particular craft or trade, such as metalwork. They may negotiate collective bargaining agreements as to any conditions of employment which are of mutual interest to the parties thereto. Trade unions exist in all parts of the world, but their characteristics and functions vary from country to country. The following is a list of major independent trade unions, which are solely accountable to their members and free from employer domination as it stood on 31 march 2012. The trade unions usually adopt a number of restrictive devices, e.

In 1997, the then secretary general of the zimbabwe congress of trade unions, morgan. We may note certain implications of wage fixation by trade unions. The decline in trade union density in the 21stcentury in. Merchant guilds, consisting of all the specialist traders in a town, were the forerunners of craft guilds.

The congress of south african trade unions cosatu was launched on 1 december 1985, at the height of the struggle against apartheid. Registration of trade unions and employers organizations and privileges thereof. Develop gender sensitive policies in the workplace and trade unions as well as gender sensitive trade union constitutions, programmes and. As a federation, it brought together many of the unions formed after the wave of strikes at the beginning of 1973 which marked a renewal of trade union activity after a decadelong lull. Trade unions in zimbabwe and their types there are a number of trade unions that operate in zimbabwe. The reserve bank of zimbabwe, located in harare, is the countrys central bank. African trade union congress atuc, the national african trade union congress natuc, the trade union congress of zimbabwe tucz, the united trade unions of zimbabwe utuz, the zimbabwe federation of labour zfl and the zimbabwe trade union congress. Historically, african labour unions, at first were an importing driving force of the anticolonial lib eration struggle. The history of trade unions trade unions had their origins in the guild system of medieval europe in the th century. This new wealth was built on the development of trade routes, most nota.

Pdf the rise and fall of trade unionism in zimbabwe, part i. Refuse to employ a person on the grounds that he is a member of a union. Ebook a history of zimbabwe as pdf download portable document. However, the various definitions of a trade union exhibit two important features, i. Becoming zimbabwe is the first comprehensive history of zimbabwe, spanning the years from 850 to 2008. Trade unions freedom to join and form a union the constitution of zimbabwe allows freedom of association to all, provided that no person may compel any other person to join an association or to attend a meeting or gathering. It is the sole bank of issue and administers all monetary and exchange controls. A case of tanzania teachers union by mohamed mussa a dissertation submitted to mzumbe university dar es salaam campus college in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of master of science in accounting and finance m sc. African trade union congress atuc, the national african trade union congress natuc, the trade union congress of zimbabwe tucz, the united trade unions of zimbabwe utuz, the zimbabwe federation of labour zfl and the zimbabwe trade union congress ztuc. History of labor in zimbabwe before and after independence. Sbu in zimbabwe there are two large organizations that claim to represent trade unions, the zimbabwe congress of trade unions zctu and the zimbabwe. Congress of trade unions amongst workers in zimbabwe has taken a plunge. The employer can deduct union dues from the workers wages and transfer it to the trade union.

Zctu has played an active political role in the democratic development of zimbabwe. Nssa looting riles labour, employers newsday zimbabwe april 18, 2018 zimbabwe congress of trade unions has said the national social sec. Trade union services and benefits in africa edited by. History of trade unionism in zambia zambia daily mail.

These funds are controlled by the union leaderships. Trade policies zimtrade zimbabwe trade information portal. History of southern africa south african history online. An economic and social history of zimbabwe 18901948. A continuous association of wageearners organized for the purpose of maintaining and improving the condition of their working lives. An analysis of trade unions in zimbabwe by the united. The very longterm perspective of pre trade unions in zimbabwe 87 known examples, but important developments have taken place in a number of other settings. This southern african country of 12 million people has been rocked by strike action throughout the1990s. What are the main challenges faced by trade unions and compare the efforts to overcome decline in at least two of the three countries analysed during the module.

My other colleagues at samat, george aryee, hamid tabatabai, joost kooijmans, jonathan. Trade unions in zimbabwe role, functions of workers. I wish to thank sam moyo and brian raftopoulos for their advice, as well as staff at the institute of development studies university of zimbabwe and at the zimbabwe congress of trade unions for their assistance. Key issues and problems of internal democracy in nigeria pp. Satucc represents all major trade union federations in the southern african region but is not always well known beyond the national trade union leadership. Objectives, function, formation, regulation, rights and liabilities. This supports the view that there is industrial democracy in zimbabwe as it gives employee or employer organisations the right to engage in collective bargaining, organise and form and join federations of such unions and organisations. The consolidation of union structures and deepening of rankandfile capacity had therefore acted concurrently to expand zctus struggle across.